Dynasty (sports)
A sports dynasty is a team that dominates their sport or league for multiple seasons or years. Such dominance is often only realized in retrospect. Some leagues maintain official lists of dynasties, often as part of a hall of fame (e.g., National Hockey League), but in many cases, whether a team has achieved a dynasty is often subjective, and can be a frequent topic of debate among sports fans. The most widely-accepted sports dynasties are those with multiple championships over a limited period of time, either consecutively with or without interruption (e.g., UCLA Bruins men's basketball from 1964 to 1975), or non-consecutively (e.g., Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders of the latec 1970s and early 1980s, or the Liverpool football team of the 1980s). In a few cases, a dominant team without championships might be recognized as a dynasty (e.g., Buffalo Bills of the early 1990s), though this is likely to be disputed.
- Green Bay Packers 1929–1931 (3 consecutive championships)[1]
- Chicago Bears of the 1940s ("Monsters of the Midway") (3 championships in 4 years)[2][3]
- Cleveland Browns of the early 1950s (Three NFL championships and six consecutive title game appearances from 1950–55)[2][4]
- Detroit Lions of the 1950s (3 championships and 4 title game appearances in 6 years)[5]
- Green Bay Packers of the 1960s (5 championships in 7 years, including Super Bowls I and II)[1][2][6][7][8][4][9]
- Pittsburgh Steelers 1972–1984 (Only team in NFL History to win 4 Super Bowl titles in 6 years ('74, '75, '78, '79), 6 straight division titles, 7 total)[2][4][7][8][9][10]
- Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders 1976–1983 (3 Super Bowls in 1976, 1980, 1983)[10]
- San Francisco 49ers of the 1980s. This dynasty is usually considered to cover 1981 through 1989, a period in which the team won 4 Super Bowl championships (1981, 1984, 1988, 1989) and 8 division titles,[2][7][8][9] but sometimes the 1994 Super Bowl championship is also included.[10]
- Washington Redskins 1982–1991 (3 Super Bowl championships and 4 NFC titles)[10]
- Dallas Cowboys From 1991–1997 (First team to win 3 Super Bowls in 4 years ('92, '93, '95), 3 conference championships in 4 straight appearances, 5 straight division titles, 6 total)[2][7][8][9][10]
- New England Patriots From 2001 – 2007 (Second team to win 3 Super Bowls in 4 years ('01, '03, '04), 4 Conference Titles, 5 conference championship appearances, 6 division titles, became the first team in NFL History to win 16 games in 2007 regular season, only team in NFL history to record four 14-win seasons (all within the span of 7 years))[2][7]
- Buffalo Bills of the mid-1960s, three straight AFL Championship game appearances and two titles from 1964–1966.[2]
- Cleveland Browns of the late 1940s. Won the AAFC championship in all four years of its existence (1946–49) including an undefeated season in 1948.[2]
Division I
The problems inherent in identifying sports dynasties are exacerbated in NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision, where the national champion is determined, at least in part, by poll rather than through a tournament. When fans of a sport cannot agree on even so much as which team within a league or other organization should be considered as holding that organization's championship, discussing whether a team has become a dynasty is even more difficult. Because of these problems, teams that consistently win their conference championship and are frequently in contention for national championships are termed dynasties more often than a similarly performing team in another sport or division might.
- Yale – 19 championships between 1874 and 1909 [11]
- Michigan – 4 championships in 4 years, 5 straight undefeated seasons between 1901–1905.
- Pittsburgh, 1910–1918 – 5 championships in 9 seasons (1910, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918) [1]
- Notre Dame, 1919–1930 – 6 championships in 1919, 1920, 1924, 1927, 1929, 1930 and an .892 winning percentage over 12 years.[11]
- Pittsburgh, 1925–1938 – 9 championships in 14 seasons (1925, 1927, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938) [2]
- Army, 1944–46[12]
- Notre Dame, 1946–1949[4][13]
- Oklahoma, 1948–1951[14]
- Oklahoma, 1953–58[4][15]
- Alabama, 1961–66[16]
- Texas, 1968–1972
- Oklahoma, 1971–75[17]
- Alabama, 1977–80[18]
- Miami, 1983–92 – In ten seasons, Miami won 4 national championships (1983, 1987, 1989, 1991), played for 6 national championships (1983, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1992), finished in the top 3 of the AP Poll for 7 consecutive seasons (1986–92), and set an NCAA-record with 58 straight home victories.[19][20]
- Florida State, 1987–2000 – At the height of Bobby Bowden's dominance, the Florida State Seminoles went 152–19–1, won nine ACC championships (1992–2000), two national championships (1993 and 1999), played for three more national championships (1996, 1998 and 2000), were ranked #1 in the pre-season AP poll 5 times (1988, 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1999), never lost the #1 AP ranking during 1999, produced 20 1st round NFL draft picks (including the 1997 offensive and defensive rookies of the year), won at least 10 games every year, and never finished a season ranked lower than fourth in the AP poll. Quarterbacks Charlie Ward and Chris Weinke won Heisman Trophies.
- Nebraska, 1993–97 – 3 national championships in four years (1994, 1995, 1997), 49–2 cumulative record.[22]
- Miami, 2000–03[23]
- University of Southern California, 2002–2008 – 2 consecutive national championships (2003 and 2004*), appearance in the 2005 NCG, 7 straight Pac-10 titles, 6 major bowl wins in 7 years (Rose: 2003 and 2007–2009, Orange: 2004 and 2005), and maintained a 34 game winning streak from 2003–2005. [24]
Division II
Division III
- Mount Union College – The Purple Raiders won 110 consecutive regular-season games between 1994 and 2005, posted 14 undefeated regular seasons, won 16 Ohio Athletic Conference Championships, and had the best overall record in the 1990s (120–7–1 .941). National Championships: 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2008
- Carroll College (Montana) of the 2000s. 8 straight Frontier Conference Championships (2000–2007), 6 straight national semi-final appearances (2000–2005), and 5 NAIA National Football Championships in 6 years (2002–2005,2007).[26]
Auto racing
NASCAR
- Chevrolet since 1958 won 35 of 54 (64.8%) NASCAR manufacturer championships.[27]
- Hendrick Motorsports has had two streaks of four consecutive championships.[28]
- Junior Johnson six championships in ten years as an owner
- Richard Petty (1964, 1967, 1971, 1972, 1974, 1975, and 1979)
- Cale Yarborough (1976, 1977, 1978)
- Dale Earnhardt (1980, 1986, 1987, 1990, 1991, 1993, and 1994)
- Jeff Gordon (1995, 1997, 1998, and 2001)
- Jimmie Johnson (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010) clinched five consecutive Sprint Cup championships.
- Darrell Waltrip (1981, 1982, 1985)
- Lee Petty (1954, 1958, 1959)
- David Pearson (1966, 1968, 1969) only three years he ran a full season
World Rally Championship
Drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans
Drivers
- Tom Kristensen from 1999 to 2011 won eight 24 Hours of Le Mans; 6 of which were consecutive between 2000 and 2005. All but one was with Audi; in 2003 he raced and won with Bentley.
Constructors
- Between 2000 and 2011 Audi Racing cars won the 24 hour race in 10 out of 12 appearances, including the 6 consecutive wins with Tom Kristensen at the wheel.
- Pittsburgh Pirates from 1900 to 1909 (4 NL pennants and 3 World Series, 1909 Series Champions, 1901 & 1902 pre-series World titles. 2nd best record ever in baseball, 1902).
- Chicago Cubs from 1906 to 1910 (4 NL pennants and 2 World Series championships in 5 years; set ML record for wins in a season (116 in 1906) [30]
- Philadelphia Athletics from 1910 to 1913 (3 championships in 4 years)[31]
- Boston Red Sox from 1912 to 1918 (4 World Series titles and AL pennants in 7 years)[32]
- Philadelphia Athletics from 1929 to 1931 (3 AL pennants and 2 World Series in 3 years; won each pennant by an average of 16 games)[31]
- New York Yankees from 1936 to 1943 (7 AL pennants and 6 World Series championships in 8 years)[4][33]
- New York Yankees from 1949 to 1964 (14 AL pennants and 9 World Series championships in 16 years)[4][34]
- Pittsburgh Pirates from 1970 to 1979: 2 World Championships and 6 Division Titles in 9 years.
- Oakland Athletics from 1972 to 1974 (World Series Championships in each of three consecutive years)[35]
- New York Yankees from 1996 to 2003 (8 postseason appearances including 7 division titles, 6 AL pennants, and 4 World Series championships in 8 years)[36]
- Boston Celtics 1956 to 1986 (16 NBA titles in 30 years overall. 26 winning seasons, 20 division titles, 18 conference titles, including 11 championships in 13 years from 1957–69)[4][39][40]
- Detroit Pistons of 1987 to 1991 led by Isiah Thomas and the Bad Boys. (5 straight Conference finals appearances ('87 to '91) 3 conference championships ('88, '89, and '90) and NBA championships back to back ('89 and '90)) [40]
- Chicago Bulls of 1989 to 1998 led by Michael Jordan. (6 NBA championships in 8 seasons, 2 sets of three consecutive championships ('91, '92, '93, '96, '97, '98), 6 division titles in 8 seasons, and hold best regular season record in NBA history (72–10) during the '95–96 season).[4][40]
- Los Angeles Lakers of 1999 to 2004, led by Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal. Won 3 Division titles in 2000, 2001, and 2004, 4 Western Conference championships in 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2004 and 3 consecutive NBA championships in 2000, 2001, and 2002, including the best postseason record in NBA history in 2001 (15–1).[40]
NCAA basketball
Division I Men
- UCLA Bruins men's basketball from 1964 to 1975 (10 championships in 12 seasons, including 7 consecutive championships form 1967 to 1973, four undefeated seasons, and an NCAA record 88 consecutive wins).[4][47]
Division I Women
- University of Tennessee Lady Volunteers basketball from 1987 to 1998 (6 national championships in 12 seasons, including 3 consecutive championships from 1996–1998 (the first women's team to do so), one undefeated season setting the most wins ever with 39, and an over-all record of 314–38 (.877). [48][49]
- University of Connecticut Huskies women's basketball from 2000 to 2010 (6 championships in 11 seasons, including 3 consecutive championships from 2002–2004, three undefeated seasons in 2002, 2009, and 2010, and a record 90 consecutive wins from November 16, 2008 to December 30, 2010.[50][51]
- University of Kentucky from 1985 to 2010 (18 championships in 26 years, including a run of 8 consecutive championships from 1995–2002)[53]
- Morehead State University coed cheerleading team from 1988 to 2010 (19 championships in 22 years, including a run of 10 consecutive championships from 1991–2000) The All Girl and Co-ed Squads have combined for 26 national titles.[54]
NCAA Division I
- University of Iowa Hawkeyes have 23 total NCAA championships. Dynasty runs from 1975 to 1986 (11 NCAA championships in 12 years), from 1991 to 2000 (9 NCAA championships in 10 years) and three consecutive national championships from 2008–2010. Iowa also had a dynasty run of 25 straight BigTen conference tournament championships from 1974–1998.[4][55]
- Oklahoma State University have 34 total NCAA championships in wrestling, most national championships in one sport by any school. Dynasty runs from 1928 to 1949 (16 NCAA championships in 21 years), from 1954 to 1964 (8 NCAA championships in 10 years) and the most recent repeating four-time champions (2003–2006).[55]
- The West Indian cricket team dominated test cricket through the 1980s and early 1990s. The West Indian team was not beaten in a test series between March 1980 and May 1995, a fifteen year span including twenty series wins and nine drawn series.[56]
- Lance Armstrong won an unprecedented 7 consecutive Tours de France, the most prestigious cycling race in the world, titles in the 2000s from 1999–2005 and as a result holds the most victories ever in the Tour's 100+ year history.[57]
Professional
- Manchester United F.C. from the start of the Premier League (1992–93) to Present. After six seasons with Sir Alex Ferguson's rebuilding of the club, the team won the first ever Premier League title, which was also their eighth top-tier league title. This victory was only the beginning of dominance as the club won the League title 10 more times, tying Liverpool F.C. for the most league titles with 18. Manchester United's eleven Premier League champions made them the most dominant club, with Arsenal F.C. and Chelsea F.C. in second place with three each. Manchester United has also won the F.A. Cup four times since the 1992–93 season with victories in 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04. They have also won the UEFA Champions League in 1998–99 completing their treble, and another in 2007–08. The victories in the Champions League gained them entry to the Intercontinental Cup in 1999 and the FIFA Club World Cup in 2008, winning both tournaments as well. Lastly, Manchester United has finished no lower than third in the Premier League.[58]
Spanish La Liga
- FC Barcelona from the 2004–05 to the 20010-11 seasons in La Liga and the UEFA Champions League. Barcelona won five La Liga championships, three Champions League titles, one Copa del Rey, four Spanish Super Cups, the European Super Cup and the club world championship in the 2009 FIFA Club World Cup. Barcelona won an unprecedented six major trophies in the 2008–09 season, and became the first Spanish team to win the Treble and the first European Treble-winning team to also capture the European Super Cup and Club World Cup.[59][60][61][62][63]
- Real Madrid C.F. from the 1953–54 to the 1971–72 seasons in La Liga and the European Cup. Real Madrid won six European Cups, including five in a row from 1956–60, and 13 La Liga titles, including five in a row from 1961–65.[64][65]
Italian Serie A league
- Genoa C.F.C. from 1898 to 1904 in Italian football having won six Italian championship titles in seven years.
- U.S. Pro Vercelli from 1908 to 1913 in Italian football having won five Italian championship titles in six years. Also, the Vercelli's club players during that period constituted the backbone of the nascent national team.[66]
- A second golden era was in the late 1950s and early 1960s, having won three national league titles and two Italian Cups in four years (1957–1961) with a squad led by Giampiero Boniperti, John Charles and the 1961 European Footballer of the Year Omar Sivori.[68]
- Another club's dynastic period was from the 1972–73 to the 1985–86. During this period, the Old Lady have won nine league titles—six under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni—and two Italian Cups, which allowed it to form the backbone of the Italian national team during Enzo Bearzot's era, including the 1978 FIFA World Cup semifinalist and 1982 world champion squads.[69][70][71] On the international spotlight, Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major UEFA competitions[72][73] and, after their triumph in the 1985 Intercontinental Cup, the club also became the first in association football history—and remain the world's only one at present—to have won all possible confederation competitions and the club world title.[74][75][76]
- Subsequently, Juventus dominated the Serie A in the late 1990s and early 2000s due to its five titles in nine years from 1995 to 2003. In that period, the Torinese club also won one Italian Cup, four Italian Super Cups, one Intercontinental Cup, one Champions League, one UEFA Super Cup and one UEFA Intertoto Cup.[77]
- Torino F.C. during the 1940s in Italian football due of their success in the league championships in 1942–43 season and from the 1945–46 to 1948–49 seasons.[78]
- A.C. Milan in the second mid of the 1950s, having won three league titles in five years,[68] and from the 1987–88 to the 1993–94 seasons in the italian league Milan were able to win four Serie A titles. Also thay were able to secure four national supercups in 1988, 1992, 1993 and 1994. In the international spotlight Milan added three UEFA Champions Leagues in 1988–89, 1989–90 and 1993–94 seasons, three UEFA Super Cup titles (1989, 1990 and 1994) and two Intercontinental Cups (1989 and 1990).[68]
- F.C. Internazionale from the 2005–06[79] to 2009–10 the club have won five series A league in a row.[79] Also they added four Italian Cups in 2004–05, 2005–06, 2009–10 and 2010–11; four Italian Super Cups (2005, 2006, 2008 and 2010); the Champions League 2009–10, making them the first Italian team to win the treble in that season, and the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup.
Major League Soccer
International Teams
NCAA
Division I (Women)
Horseshoes
Horse racing
Thoroughbred racing
Ice hockey
National Hockey League
The National Hockey League recognizes nine Stanley Cup dynasties:[83]
- Ottawa Senators of 1919–27 (4 championships in 8 years) 1920, 1921, 1923, 1927 [83]
- Toronto Maple Leafs of 1947–51 (4 championships in 5 years) 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951 [83]
- Detroit Red Wings of 1950–55 (4 championships in 6 years) 1950, 1952, 1954, 1955 [83]
- Montreal Canadiens of 1956–60 (5 consecutive championships) 1956–1960 [4][83]
- Toronto Maple Leafs of 1962–67 (4 championships in 6 years) 1962, 1963, 1964, 1967[83]
- Montreal Canadiens of 1965–69 (4 championships in 5 years) 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969 [83]
- Montreal Canadiens of 1975–79 (4 consecutive championships) 1976–1979 [83]
- New York Islanders of 1980–84 (4 consecutive championships) 1980–1983 [83]
- Edmonton Oilers of 1984–90 (5 championships in 7 years) 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1990 [4][83]
International men's ice hockey
Between 1920 and 1968, the Olympic hockey tournament was also considered the Ice Hockey World Championships for that year.
NCAA men's ice hockey
- Boston University 1971–78 (3 NCAA Division I national championships in 8 years, including back-to-back NCAA titles, seven NCAA final four appearances, and five ECAC tournament championships)[85][86]
Ice skating
- Russian pairs skaters, 1965–1999[4]
Lacrosse
NCAA Women
- Maryland Terrapins won eight national titles from 1992–2001, capturing seven consecutive titles from 1995–2001 and completing four undefeated seasons.[88]
Rugby
Tennis
Track
- United States Men's Olympic 4x100 meter team, 1916–1992[4]
- Kenyan runners, 1968–1999[4]
Dynasties in question
Whether a team has achieved a dynasty is often subjective, and can be a frequent topic of debate among sports fans. Only a few leagues (e.g., National Hockey League) formally recognize dynasties, and there are no universally accepted criteria. Most disputes relate to teams that dominated within a conference or division, but either failed to win championships or infrequently won championships. This is exacerbated in NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A), where the national champion is determined, at least in part, by poll rather than through a tournament.
- Buffalo Bills won 4 AFC Championships in a row from 1990–1993 (three times by a spread of greater than 14 points), the only team ever to do so, and for this they are sometimes considered a dynasty.[2][90] However, they went on to lose the Super Bowl all four times.
- Boise State Broncos football from 1998 to present. At 113–26, their 81.29% win rate is the highest in the nation.[91] Won 10 of 12 conference championships from 1999 to 2009, undefeated in conference play in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2009, perfect seasons in 2006 and 2009, but has never selected to play in the Division I-A national championship.
- San Antonio Spurs of 1998 to 2008 (4 NBA championships (1999, 2003, 2005, 2007) in 9 seasons) are considered a dynasty by some,[41][42] but not by others [43][44] because they did not win consecutive titles.
- Pittsburgh Steelers of the 2000s (2 Super Bowl championships in 4 years (2005 and 2008), 6 division titles (2001, 2002, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2010), 5 conference championship game appearances (2001, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2011)[92]
References
- ^ a b "Green Bay Packers". Pro Football Hall of Fame. National Football League. http://www.profootballhof.com/history/team.jsp?franchise_id=12. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j McAllister, Mike (2005-02-08). "NFL's top dynasties". Sports Illustrated. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2005/football/nfl/02/07/top.dynasties/index.html. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ "Joe Stydahar". Pro Football Hall of Fame. National Football League. http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.jsp?player_id=207. Retrieved 2008-07-31. "He returned in 1945 to play for two more years. During that period, the Bears won three NFL championships and five Western Division titles. In Joe's final game, the 1946 Bears defeated the New York Giants, 24–14. It was the last major triumph of the Bears' dynasty years."
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "SI's Top 20 Dynasties of the 20th Century". Sports Illustrated. 1999-06-03. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/centurys_best/news/1999/05/06/top_dynasties/. Retrieved 2010-04-16.
- ^ Ross, Alan (2002-09-17). "untitled". Detroit Lions. http://www.detroitlions.com/document_display.cfm?cont_id=129901. Retrieved 2008-07-31. "The 2002 season also marks the golden anniversary of the birth of a legendary NFL dynasty – a team that won three championships during the 1950s, tied for most in the league with the mighty Cleveland Browns."
- ^ Rhoden, William C. (1998-01-26). "Sports of The Times; Instead of a Dynasty, the Beginning of the End in Green Bay?". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE0DB103BF935A15752C0A96E958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2. Retrieved 2008-07-30. "But Lombardi had advantages when it came to building a dynasty."
- ^ a b c d e Shaughnessy, Dan (2005-02-05). "Dynasty". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/football/patriots/articles/2005/02/07/dynasty_boston_globe/. Retrieved 2008-07-30. "And the New England Patriots of the 21st century are established as an NFL dynasty on a par with the Packers of the 1960s, the Steelers of the '70s, the 49ers of the '80s, and the Cowboys of the '90s."
- ^ a b c d Korth, Joanne (2005-01-30). "NFL Dynasties". St. Petersburg Times. http://www.sptimes.com/2005/01/30/Sports/NFL_dynasties.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-31.
- ^ a b c d Pedulla, Tom (2003-01-23). "NFL dynasties go 'way of dinosaurs'". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/super/2003-01-23-1acover-dynasties_x.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-12. "Vince Lombardi's Green Bay Packers dominated the NFL through the 1960s. Pittsburgh's "Steel Curtain" rose in the '70s. The San Francisco 49ers' West Coast offense rolled in the '80s. Troy Aikman, Emmitt Smith and Michael Irvin made the Dallas Cowboys the team of the '90s."
- ^ a b c d e Weisman, Larry (2005-02-03). "Patriots could soon join NFL's pantheon of greats". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/super/2005-02-03-bonus-12_x.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
- ^ a b Luedtke, Luther (1992). Making America. UNC Press. p. 283. ISBN 0807843709. http://books.google.com/books?id=IeZKurp4zZgC&pg=RA1-PA183&lpg=RA1-PA183&dq=Yale+football+dynasty&source=web&ots=wEBj8OLbeS&sig=r12hXLSn9LdNvzBNX7UTWjrHo7s&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=6&ct=result. "These were the rules that Knute Rockne used at Notre Dame to build the greatest football dynasty since the old Yale teams of the nineteenth century, transforming "Fighting Irish" from an ethnic slur to a badge of pride."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.5.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "Head coach Red Blaik's Cadets, led by their Heisman-winning backfield of Glenn Davis and Doc Blanchard, captured consecutive national titles in 1944 and '45 and finished No. 2 to Notre Dame – which it tied – in '46."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.11.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "The Irish didn't lose a game in coach Frank Leahy's first four seasons, with two ties serving as their only blemishes. They captured three national titles and produced two Heisman winners, Johnny Lujack and Leon Hart."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.1.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "Sooners coach Bud Wilkinson – who would later set an NCAA record with 47 straight victories – produced a 31-game streak from 1948–50. OU finished No. 2 in the AP poll in '49 before winning the national title in '50."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.12.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "Bud Wilkinson's Sooners won an NCAA-record 47 straight games from 1953–57, a run that comprised three straight undefeated seasons and two national championships. They went 60–3–1 over a six-year span."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.8.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "Bear Bryant's teams won national titles in 1961, '64 and '65 and went undefeated in '66, amassing a 60–5–1 record over the six-year span. Stars included quarterback Joe Namath, center Lee Roy Jordan and lineman Billy Neighors."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.4.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "Led by head coach Barry Switzer, the Sooners went 54–3–1 over a five-year span, finishing No. 2 in 1971 and '72 before winning 28 straight games from '73–75, capturing consecutive national titles in '74 and '75."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.3.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "At the twilight of his career, legendary Crimson Tide coach Bear Bryant produced one last run of dominance, winning national titles in 1978 and '79 – the first coming on a famous goal-line stand against Penn State in the Sugar Bowl – and finishing No. 2 in '77."
- ^ Jenkins, Sally (1992-08-31). "A Helping of Family Values: Miami's dynasty is sustained by former stars and their legacy of excellence–and arrogance". Sports Illustrated. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1004153/index.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.9.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "Despite losing coach Jimmy Johnson mid-stream (he was replaced by Dennis Erickson), the 'Canes won three national titles and played for two others over a seven-year span. QBs Vinny Testaverde and Gino Torretta captured Heismans."
- ^ "College Football’s 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.10.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "With their unstoppable option offense and a sea of dominating defenders, Tom Osborne's Huskers captured at least a share of three national championships and played for a fourth, all following undefeated regular seasons."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.2.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "With a collection of talent that included 17 future first-round NFL Draft picks and prolific QB Ken Dorsey, the Hurricanes won 34 straight games from 2000–02, winning the BCS title in '01 and finishing No. 2 in the polls in '00 and '02."
- ^ "College Football's 12 Greatest Dynasties". Sports Illustrated. 2005-12-25. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/2005/12/25/gallery.dynasty/content.6.html. Retrieved 2010-06-14. "The Trojans have won 34 straight games, captured consecutive AP national championships and produced an unprecedented three Heisman Trophy winners (Carson Palmer, Matt Leinart and Reggie Bush) in four years. A third straight national title would move them up to No. 3 on this list."
- ^ Futterman, Matthew (2009-12-11). "Grand Valley State: America's Biggest Little School". Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703514404574588183272545554.html. Retrieved 2009-12-11. "Grand Valley State University is a modern dynasty in Division II football. The Lakers, who play in Allendale, Mich., have won four of the past seven championships heading into Saturday's title game against Northwest Missouri State University."
- ^ a b Thamel, Pete (2006-08-27). "The Quiet Dynasty". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/27/sports/ncaafootball/27carroll.html. Retrieved 2008-08-04. "Carroll College, an elite Catholic institution of 1,500 students in Montana’s capital, is one of just two college football programs at any level to win four consecutive national championships. Augustana College of Illinois won four consecutive N.C.A.A. Division III titles in the 1980’s."
- ^ "Chevrolet Clinches 32nd NASCAR Sprint Cup Manufacturers' Championship". PaddockTalk.com. 2008-11-13. http://www.paddocktalk.com/news/html/print.php?sid=98806. Retrieved 2011-01-04. "This marks Team Chevy’s sixth consecutive NASCAR Sprint Cup Manufacturers’ title for the Bowtie Brigade. The 2008 Manufacturers’ Championship continues Chevrolet’s dominance of North America’s most popular racing series."
- ^ "NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Champions / Nextel Cup / Winston Cup / Stock Car". MotorSportsEtc.com. http://www.motorsportsetc.com/champs/nascar.htm. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ World Rally Championship — Drivers — Sebastien Loeb
- ^ "Hall of Famers Frank Chance, Chicago Cubs". Baseball hall of fame. baseball hall of fame. Archived from the original on 2008-04-11. http://web.archive.org/web/20080411165616/http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/hofers/detail.jsp?playerId=112183. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- ^ a b "Hall of Famers Connie Mack". Baseball Hall of Fame. Baseball Hall of Fame. http://baseballhall.org/hof/mack-connie. Retrieved 2010-10-14. "After a stint at the helm of Pittsburgh, he assumed control of the Philadelphia Athletics in 1901 and continued for 50 years until retirement at the age of 88. The Tall Tactician, best remembered as a dignified, scorecard-waving leader in a business suit, won five World Series crowns and built two dynasties — with four pennants in five years from 1910 to 1914 and three in a row from 1929 to 1931."
- ^ "Boston Red Sox (1901–Present)". Sportsecyclopedia.com. 2010-07-30. http://www.sportsecyclopedia.com/al/bosox/redsox.html. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ Bickerstaff, Brandon. "The greatest reigns of sports' dynasties". ESPN.com. http://espn.go.com/gen/s/2002/0709/1403860.html. Retrieved 2009-10-05.
- ^ Golenbock, Peter. Dynasty : The New York Yankees 1949–1964. McGraw-Hill/Contemporary Books. ISBN 0-8092-2394-5.
- ^ "Detroit Sports Dynasties at a Glance". Sports Illustrated. 1998-10-03. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/hockey/nhl/news/1998/10/03/dynasty_link/. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ Bryant, Howard (2007-10-08). "Consider the Yankees dynasty officially over". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/playoffs2007/columns/story?columnist=bryant_howard&id=3055250. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ Sachare, Alex. "The Dynasties: Minneapolis Lakers". NBA Encyclopedia. http://www.nba.com/history/dynastiesminneapolis_050602.html. Retrieved 2008-11-12. "The Minneapolis Lakers are the forgotten dynasty, an afterthought when the discussion turns to the NBA’s greatest teams...But history cannot be changed and should not be forgotten. The Minneapolis Lakers were the NBA’s first dynasty, winning five titles in six seasons from 1948–49 through 1953–54. Add the championship the Lakers won in the National Basketball League before they entered the NBA and the count is six crowns in seven seasons—a dynasty by any standard."
- ^ Barreiro, Dan. "The Fab Five". NBA Encyclopedia. http://www.nba.com/encyclopedia/minneapolis_lakers.html. Retrieved 2008-11-13. "Led by George Mikan, the Minneapolis Lakers — basketball's first dynasty — ruled the league with five titles in six seasons...From 1948 to 1954, the Minneapolis Lakers ruled professional basketball. They would win six championships in seven years while playing in three different leagues – the National Basketball League (1948), the Basketball Association of America (1949) and the NBA (1950, ’52, ’53, ’54)."
- ^ Brown, Clifton. "The Foundation of a Dynasty". NBA Encyclopedia. http://www.nba.com/encyclopedia/celtics_1957.html. Retrieved 2008-11-12. "It is the greatest dynasty in NBA history. It began 49 years ago. It is still hard to believe."
- ^ a b c d e f "Through the years with NBA dynasties". ESPN. 2007-06-15. http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/page2/story?page=dynasties/070612. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
- ^ a b ABC News: Fantastic Four! Spurs Sweep NBA Title
- ^ a b "Spurs an unappreciated, forgotten dynasty". MSNBC. 2007-06-15. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19253744/. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ a b Celizic, Mike (2007-06-15). "Spurs great, but they're not a dynasty — yet". MSNBC. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19237548/. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ a b "Spurs' achievement impressive, but this is no dynasty". CNN. 2007-06-15. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2007/writers/jack_mccallum/06/15/spurs.place/index.html. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
- ^ Wurst, Matt. "The Rise and Fall of WNBA Dynasties". WNBA History. http://www.wnba.com/history/dynasties_history_060307.html. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
- ^ Hirshfield, Adam. "Three Titles in Six Years Equals WNBA Dynasty in Detroit". WNBA News. http://www.wnba.com/playoffs2008/detroit_dynasty_081007.html. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
- ^ Puma, Mike. "Sportscenter Biography: Wizard of Westwood". ESPN Classic. http://espn.go.com/classic/biography/s/Wooden_John.html. Retrieved 2010-02-08. "No dynasty in college basketball history compares to the monster Wooden built at UCLA in the 1960s and 1970s, winning 10 NCAA titles in his last 12 seasons before he retired in 1975. From 1967–73, the "Wizard of Westwood" guided the Bruins to a record seven straight national championships...Starting in 1971 and ending in 1974, UCLA won 88 straight games, an NCAA record that hasn't come close to falling. Wooden's teams also compiled four 30–0 seasons and won 19 conference championships, including eight undefeated Pacific Conference seasons."
- ^ http://www.utladyvols.com/fans/ncaa.html
- ^ http://www.utladyvols.com/sports/w-baskbl/guides/
- ^ Gardiner, Andy (2010-03-20). "Perfection for UConn women basketball 'not feasible,' but ...". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/womensbasketball/2010-03-18-uconn-women-hoops-cover_N.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
- ^ Altavilla, John (2010-12-31). "Stanford ends Connecticut's winning streak at 90". LA Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2010/dec/31/sports/la-sp-uconn-women-20101231. Retrieved 2011-02-12.
- ^ a b c d The Sports Network. "Gray Cup Champions". The Sports Network. http://www.sportsnetwork.com/merge/tsnform.aspx?c=sportsnetwork&page=cfl/misc/greycup_winners.htm. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ "UK Cheerleading Claims Unprecedented 18th National Championship". University of Kentucky. http://www.ukathletics.com/genrel/011710aaa.html. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
- ^ Hastings, Courtney (2009-02-05), The Trail Blazer, http://www.trailblazeronline.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1440:cheerleading-feature-&catid=42:news&Itemid=70 title=Cheerleading best in nation — again, retrieved 2010-12-23, "Crites and Van Horn are members of the Morehead State Co-ed Cheerleading Team, which is the most successful cheerleading program in the country with 19 national championships. The latest was added in January during the College National Cheerleading Championships in Orlando, Fla...There are 26 spots on the co-ed team and 28 on the all-girl squad, which finished second at the national competition this year and has six national championships overall."
- ^ a b NCAA Division 1 Wrestling History
- ^ Cricinfo Cricket Records, Records, West Indies, Test Matches, Series Results, Retrieved 19th March 2011
- ^ Litke, Jim (2005-06-24). "Ageless Armstrong is his own dynasty". NBC Sports. http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/5510711/. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ http://www.manutd.com/default.sps?pagegid={EE4D6083-FCB8-4FAB-A765-75E2B0F4B4E0}
- ^ El Clasico Inquisition: Barcelona’s Ideologies vs Real Madrid’s Philosophies http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/88/spain/2009/11/25/1647078/el-clasico-inquisition-barcelonas-ideologies-vs-real-madrids
- ^ IT was not a perfect season, but Barcelona won La Liga by striving to evolve the concept of perfection. http://afootballreport.com/post/606330858/barcelonastrivingtoevolvethegame
- ^ Champions League Final Is Fitting Stage for Barcelona's Historic 4–3–3 http://bleacherreport.com/articles/184394-champions-league-final-is-fitting-stage-for-barcas-historic-4-3-3
- ^ Joan Laporta And His Barcelona Legacy http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/2292/editorials/2010/07/02/2005897/in-pictures-joan-laporta-and-his-barcelona-legacy
- ^ Alex Ferguson planning to dismantle Barcelona's European dynasty http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2011/may/30/sir-alex-ferguson-manchester-united
- ^ Continental charms: our all-time European Cup and Champions League Team is a who's-who of the past half-century of world soccer. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-96811067.html?key=01-42160D517E111261120B0219012256213F4A374C1820234C3E0E0A60641A617F127119731B7B1D27
- ^ Jose Mourinho Must Build a Dynasty at Real Madrid to Become a Great One http://bleacherreport.com/articles/397203-jose-mourinho-must-build-a-dynasty-at-real-madrid-to-become-a-great-one
- ^ "Italy – International Matches 1910–1915". The Record Sport Soccer Statistics Foundation. http://rsssf.com/tablesi/ital-intres1910.html. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
- ^ "Italy – International Matches 1930–1939". The Record Sport Soccer Statistics Foundation. http://rsssf.com/tablesi/ital-intres1930.html. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
- ^ a b c Bruno Colombero (6 March 1994). "Cicli d'oro firmati da grandi campioni" (in Italian). La Stampa. p. 5. http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,0005/articleid,0729_01_1994_0064_0053_10000873/. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
- ^ "Italy – International Matches 1970–1979". The Record Sport Soccer Statistics Foundation. http://rsssf.com/tablesi/ital-intres1970.html. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
- ^ Angelo Caroli (6 February 1990). "Boniperti, da giocatore a dirigente al servizio dello Stato Juventus" (in Italian). La Stampa. p. 17. http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,0017/articleid,1300_02_1990_0034_0017_18947420/. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
- ^ "Italy – International Matches 1980–1989". The Record Sport Soccer Statistics Foundation. http://rsssf.com/tablesi/ital-intres1980.html. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
- ^ "Giovanni Trapattoni". Union des Associations Européennes de Football. 31 May 2010. http://www.uefa.com/news/newsid=919647.html. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- ^ "Un dilema histórico" (in Spanish) (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo. 23 September 2003. http://hemeroteca.elmundodeportivo.es/preview/2003/09/23/pagina-7/552332/pdf.html. Retrieved 23 September 2008.
- ^ "Football Philosophers" (PDF). The Technician (Union des Associations Européennes de Football) 46: 5. May 2010. http://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/TheTechnician/uefaorg/Publications/01/47/97/99/1479799_DOWNLOAD.pdf.
- ^ "Legend: UEFA club competition" (PDF). Union des Associations Européennes de Football. p. 99. http://www.uefa.com/printoutfiles/competitions/ucl/2010/e/e_01_md.pdf. Retrieved 21 August 2006.
- ^ "La primera final italiana" (in Spanish) (PDF). La Vanguardia. 15 May 2003. p. 55. http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.es/preview/2003/05/15/pagina-55/34004153/pdf.html. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
- ^ Roberto Beccantini (11 May 2003). "Un marchio di fabbrica" (in Italian). La Stampa. p. 1. http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,0001/articleid,0160_01_2003_0128_0001_1079783/. Retrieved 03 September 2011.
- ^ Carlo Mariondo (26 April 1976). "Quel Torino da leggenda" (in Italian). La Stampa. p. 3. http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,0040/articleid,0416_01_2000_0104_0044_3580968/. Retrieved 03 September 2011.
- ^ a b Internazionale were awarded the 2005–06 Serie A championship as they were the highest placed side in the season's final league table after points were stripped from Juventus and Milan — both sides being involved in the Italian football scandal that year.
- ^ "World Champions and Records". National Horseshoe Pitchers Association of America. http://www.horseshoepitching.com/worldchamps/WCRmens.html. Retrieved 2010-07-23.
- ^ "Men's Top 100". National Horseshoe Pitchers Association of America. http://www.horseshoepitching.com/nstats/MEN100.TXT. Retrieved 2010-07-23.
- ^ Branch, John (2010-07-20). "Perfection in the Horseshoe Pit". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/21/sports/21horseshoe.html. Retrieved 2010-07-23.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Stanley Cup Dynasties". National Hockey League. http://www.nhl.com/cup/dynasties.html. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
- ^ Merron, Jeff (2002-02-14). "Russians regroup on other side of the red line". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/winter02/hockey/story?id=1326249. Retrieved 2008-08-07. "In many ways, it is a remarkable story of triumph: out of the ashes of World War II, the USSR built a hockey program that dominated on the world stage from the 1950s through the 1980s."
- ^ BU hockey history http://www.uscho.com/stats/teamYxY.php/boston-university-terriers/mens-college-hockey/team,bu/gender,m.html
- ^ "Hall of Fame: Peter Brown". CBS Sports. http://www.goterriers.com/hallfame/brown-peter.html. Retrieved 2010-01-27. "One of the brighter stars in a dynasty enriched decade of Terrier hockey, Peter Brown helped guide the Scarlet and White skaters to a trio of appearances in the NCAA Final Four, an equal number of ECAC banners, and led a pair of Beanpot victory parades around the Boston Garden ice."
- ^ Boehm, Jenn (2008-02-21). "McClay reflects on his long journey". Arena Football League. http://www.arenafootball.com/ViewArticle.dbml?ATCLID=1394500&DB_OEM_ID=3500&SPID=3181&SPSID=38130. Retrieved 2008-07-31. "He played defensive back at Rice University and attended camp with the Cowboys before making his mark as a wide receiver/linebacker with the Detroit Drive dynasty in late ‘80s–early ‘90s."
- ^ "Cindy Timchal Profile". The University of Maryland. http://umterps.cstv.com/sports/w-lacros/mtt/timchal_cindy00.html. Retrieved 2008-08-08. "Prior to '91, the Terrapins' last title had come in 1986 under head coach Sue Tyler, but the Maryland dynasty began to re-emerge almost immediately under Timchal's guidance...The dynasty continued throughout the 1998 season despite an 0–2 start following losses to Duke and North Carolina. That season finished the same way as the previous three, however, with Timchal's Terrapins being crowned the NCAA champions once again, this time behind an 11–5 win over Virginia."
- ^ Richards, Huw (2005-11-27), "Rugby: New Zealand dismantles Australia's dynasty, 24–0", The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/27/sports/27iht-league.html, retrieved 2011-12-27, "Defeat ends a run which makes Australia's recent domination of cricket look like a mere episode. It was 27 years since Australia lost a series to anyone, 33 since it failed to win a competition. New Zealand had not won a series against Australia since 1953."
- ^ Kreidler, Mark (11 July 2007). "Woulda, shoulda, coulda been a dynasty". ESPN. http://assets.espn.go.com/columns/kreidler_mark/1404546.html. Retrieved 5 February 2008.
- ^ King, Jason (2008-11-27). "Bluer pastures suit Petersen". Yahoo! Sports. http://rivals.yahoo.com/ncaa/football/news?slug=jn-petersen112708&prov=yhoo&type=lgns. Retrieved 2008-11-29. "No program, though, can boast the national-best winning percentage that Boise State has accomplished over the past 10-plus seasons. Since 1998 the Broncos are 113–26."
- ^ "''Dynasty''". Sports.yahoo.com. http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/news?slug=ap-probowl-dynasty&prov=ap&type=lgns. Retrieved 2011-01-04.